Gut Microbiota Diversity and Insulin Sensitivity: Insights from a European Cohort

Abstract

Alterations in gut microbiota composition are implicated in glucose homeostasis. In a prospective European cohort, individuals with higher microbial diversity and abundance of short‑chain fatty acid–producing taxa showed improved insulin sensitivity. Low diversity was linked with higher fasting insulin and HOMA‑IR. These results support dietary strategies enhancing microbiome health as adjuncts for diabetes prevention. Longitudinal trials are needed to confirm causal pathways.